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MY BELOVED HUSBAND；
This week the domestic news is quite overshadowed by the great news from Spain。 Arthur has beaten Marmont and the whole usurping government in that country is in ruin。 Arthur is to be made a Marquess。 Was it in my first letter or in my second that I told you he had been made an Earl？ Let us hope that soon I shall be writing to you that he has been made a Duke not because I wish my brother to be a Duke； but because that will mean another victory。 All England is talking of Arthur this week； just as two weeks back all England was talking of modore Hornblower and his exploits in the Baltic。
The household here at Smallbridge is so much agog with all this news that our most important event bade fair to pass unnoticed。 I refer to the breeching of Richard Arthur。 He is in smallclothes now； and his petticoats are put away for ever。 He is young for such a transformation； and Ramsbottom melted into tears at the passing of her baby； but if you could see him I think you would agree that he looks vastly well in his new clothes； at least until he can escape from supervision and indulge himself in his favourite recreation of digging holes in the ground in the shrubbery。 He exhibits both physically and morally a partiality for the soil which appears odd in the son of such a distinguished sailor。 When I have pleted this letter I shall ring and send for him so that he can affix his mark； and I daresay he will add such grubby fingerprints as will further identify his signature。
Hornblower turned the page； and the grubby fingerprints were there； sure enough； along with the shaky X that Richard Arthur had scrawled under his stepmother's signature。 Hornblower felt a desperate longing to see his son at that moment； happily muddy and spading away at his hole in the shrubbery； all…engrossed in the business of the moment with babyhood's sublime concentration of purpose。 Above the X were the last few lines Barbara had written。
As always； it is my constant dream that my dear husband shall soon return victorious； when I shall be able to exert myself to increase his happiness in place of merely praying for it as I do now。
Hornblower refused to allow himself to grow sentimental； brutally strangling any emotion which he experienced。 So now he had two brothers…in…law who were Marquesses； and one of them was a full General； while he himself was no more than a Knight of the Bath and … unless there should be an unusual casualty rate among his seniors … it would still be eight years before he became even a Rear Admiral； even if he should live so long and his career was not cut short by disciplinary action。 He reached for the despatch which had been the first one he had opened； and read once more the passage which had the greatest bearing on the present moment。
Their Lordships desire me to call your particular notice to the fact that Government attaches the greatest importance to maintaining the defence of Riga as long as it is possible。 They instruct me that they consider the safety of the squadron under your mand as secondary pared with the prolongation of the siege and they charge you； on your peril； to do everything in your power to prevent the enemy from continuing his march on St Petersburg。
In other words； thought Hornblower； Riga must be defended to the last man … and ship … and they would shoot him if they thought he had not done his utmost。 He shouted for his barge； locked his desk； seized his hat and； after a moment's hesitation； his pistols； and had himself rowed once more over to Daugavgriva。
The village was now a mere mass of ruins； save for the church； whose solid walls had withstood the flames that had swept the place and the continual storm of ricochetting shots which came over from the bombardment of the ramparts。 The place stank of death； for the dead were many and the earth over them scanty。 Trenches had been driven from cellar to cellar of the ruined houses to permit of safe passage through the village； and it was by way of these that he made his way to the church。 From the gallery there the view was ominous。 The besiegers' second parallel was pleted； no more than two hundred yards from the defences； and the approaches were continuing their remorseless progress towards the ditch。 The fire from the big battery was ceaseless； and there was but small reply from the ramparts； too many gunners had been killed and too many guns knocked to pieces； and guns and artillerymen were scarce； so that it was better to try to preserve the remainder to beat off the assault when it should e。 Down at the water's edge on the beseigers' side a well constructed battery displayed the guns that were ready to sweep the area where the bomb…ketches had anchored； there was no chance of repeating the surprise bombardment of the breaching battery which had prolonged the siege for four days at the cost of Mound's life。
Clausewitz mented coolly on the situation to Hornblower as they looked at all this through their glasses。 To a doctrinaire soldier a siege was an intellectual exercise。 It was mathematically possible to calculate the rate of progress of the approaches and the destructible effect of the batteries； to predict every move and countermove in advance； and to foretell within an hour the moment of the final assault。 The time had e； now that it was impossible to maintain fire upon the head of the sap； to attempt to delay the progress of the besiegers by a sortie。
〃But；〃 expostulated Hornblower； 〃if the French know that a sortie is due； will not they make preparations for it？〃
〃Yes；〃 said Clausewitz； his cold grey eyes expressionless。
〃Would it not be better to surprise them？〃
〃Yes。 But in a siege how is that to be done？〃
〃We surprised them with the bomb…vessels。〃
〃Yes。 But now …〃
Clausewitz indicated the battery which denied the end of the bay to them。
〃But still …〃 began Hornblower； and then bit off the sentence。 There was no purpose in being critical without having a helpful suggestion to make at the same time。 He turned his attention once more to the siege…works； looking for inspiration； while the guns roared out below him。 They roared from farther up the river as well； where the French had opened another front of attack on the Mitau suburb directly across the river from Riga。 The resources of the defence were being stretched very thin； and Macdonald had locked his teeth； bulldog fashion； into the siege and it would be hard to shake his hold。 All the resources of Prussia were being drawn upon to supply his army with stores for the siege； and he had already proved that nothing would distract him from it； not even the fact that the Lettish and Livonian and Lithuanian peasantry had risen in revolt in his rear and had set all the country behind him in a turmoil。
〃The dead are beginning to e down the river；〃 said Clausewitz。 He had big white teeth that revealed themselves at the least provocation。 Hornblower looked at him without prehension。
〃From the fighting two weeks ago；〃 explained Clausewitz。 〃At Vitebsk and Smolensk two hundred miles to the south of us。 Some of the corpses have succeeded in making the journey。 Russian corpses； many of them。 But French corpses； too； and Bavarian corpses； and Westphalian corpses； and Italian corpses … many Italians。 It must have been a big battle。〃
〃Very interesting；〃 said Hornblower； scanning the siege…works again。 In the centre of the second parallel was a new battery； the fire from whose guns would cut up any force attacking frontally in the hope of destroying the works。 It would be asking much of any sallying force to cross two hundred yards of naked glacis in the teeth of such a fire and then storm ditch and parapet。 The flanks were secure too； one guarded by the little river and the other trending back towards the bay。 The bay！ The French batteries might be able to sweep the bay sufficiently effectively to prevent bomb…vessels anchoring there in daylight； but they would not be able to stop an infantry attack launched from boats at night。 Then the parallel could be rushed at dawn from the flank。 Hornblower turned to Clausewitz with the suggestion； and Clausewitz adopted it instantly。 These continental soldiers were always liable to forget about the sea when making their plans； but Clausewitz； Prussian though he was； was a man of sufficient elasticity of mind still to be able to see the merits of a plan based on mand of the sea。
There was no time to be lost if the assault upon Daugavgriva were to be anticipated。 The plan had to be given form instantly； timetables worked out； signals agreed upon； troops allocated for the landing and marched to the point where Hornblower could have boats' crews ready to man the river barges which were to carry the troops to the point selected for landing。 Hornblower had to detail crews and officers； issue his orders； and make sure they were understood。 Montgomery and Duncan； Purvis and Carlin； had to be sent for； brought up to the dome and shown the objectives to be aimed at … Hornblower fretted himself weary walking round the gallery while waiting for them to e ashore after he had sent for them。 Mounted messengers； riding in hot haste； brought back a trio of Russian colonels to the gallery； it was their regiments which were detailed to make the landing。 Hornblower explained to them in French； and then explained to his officers in English。 Then he had the job of interpreting the questions which everyone wanted to ask。 Half a dozen Russian subalterns； squatting on the floor of the gallery nursing pieces of board on which sheets of paper were pinned； wrote out the orders which Clausewitz dictated to them。 Essen arrived in the midst of all the bustle； he had given his verbal consent at once to the proposed attack； and when； on his arrival； he found the preparations so far advanced； like a sensible man he left the elaboration of the details to the men who had devised the scheme。 All this went on with the steady roar of the bombardment supplying a loud undertone to every conversation； while the Russian ramparts crumbled steadily under the hail of shot； and while the approach trenches crept steadily nearer。
It was before noon that Hornblower had made the suggestion to Clausewitz； it was eight in the evening； and the sun had set； before everything was pleted； before Hornblower had had himself rowed to the Dwina mouth to inspect the boats which had been provided； and to watch the Russian grenadiers marching down to be herded into them。
〃You understand your orders； Duncan？〃 asked Hornblower。
〃Yes； sir。〃
〃Let's see your watch。 Set it by mine。〃
〃Aye aye； sir。〃
〃Mr Montgomery。 Mr Purvis。 Remember what I said about keeping the landing force together。 You must strike all at once … no landing in driblets。 Make sure the soldiers know the direction in which to advance when they land。〃
〃Aye aye； sir。〃
〃Good luck； then。〃
〃Thank you； sir。〃
It was quite dark by the time Hornblower set foot again on the little jetty at Daugavgriva； dark； and there was a chilly breath in the air。 So far had the year advanced since he had first cast anchor in Riga Bay。 Midsummer had gone and autumn was at hand。 He had to feel his way along the trenches and up to the church； and his legs felt hardly strong enough to carry him up the interminable dark stairs to the gallery。 He had hardly sat down since the morning； and he had eaten nothing； and his head was swimming with fatigue and hunger。 Clausewitz was still on duty； up in the gallery where the stars shone bravely down upon him； giving a light which seemed bright pared with the pitchy darkness of the stairs Hornblower had just climbed。
〃The French seem unusually active to…night；〃 was Clausewitz's greeting to him。 〃At dusk they changed the guard of their trenches。〃
A string of bright orange flames suddenly lit up the French lines； and the roar of a salvo reached their ears。
〃They are periodically spraying the ditch with grape；〃 explained Clausewitz； 〃to hinder our repair parties。 It is what is always done； but after half a dozen rounds they lose direction and range。〃
If siege warfare was such a mechanical art； if every step was obvious and could be foreseen； there was always the chance of an original…minded general breaking the rules。 In two days the breaches and